Abstract

Background
Childhood experiences are key determinants of health across the life course. While adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are well established in epidemiology, there is increasing recognition of positive childhood experiences (PCEs) and the need for culturally grounded approaches to understanding wellbeing. For Pacific peoples, health is shaped by interconnected familial, cultural, and spiritual dimensions that are not well reflected in standard measures. This study examines how childhood experiences influence adult metabolic and mental health using a Pacific-informed, holistic framework.

Methods
This mixed-methods study will recruit 100 Pacific young adults (aged 20–34 years) in Aotearoa New Zealand. Participants will complete a survey including validated ACE and PCE measures alongside Fonofale-informed items capturing cultural, spiritual, and relational experiences. A subsample (n≈50) will undertake clinical health assessments, and up to 20 participants will participate in talanoa interviews to explore pathways to wellbeing. Quantitative analyses will examine associations between childhood experiences and health outcomes, while qualitative data will be analysed thematically to provide contextualised, culturally grounded insights.

Results
Data collection is currently underway. Analyses will examine the distribution of adverse and positive childhood experiences and their relationships with mental and metabolic health indicators. Qualitative findings will provide insight into culturally specific protective factors, including family, spirituality, and community connection, and their role in shaping resilience across the life course.

Conclusion
This study contributes to Pacific and Indigenous epidemiology by integrating quantitative and qualitative approaches within a culturally grounded framework. Findings will support more inclusive measurement of childhood experiences and inform prevention strategies that strengthen holistic wellbeing for Pacific communities.